How does autonomous driving work? Things to know about driving in the future

A car that you just tell your destination and then cozy up in with a movie - a dream for many! Engineers have been working on self-driving vehicles since the 1990s. What sounded like science fiction back then is now within reach. But how does autonomous driving actually work?

What is autonomous driving?

Autonomous driving is not just autonomous driving. In fact, five levels of autonomy are distinguished. Level 0 is thereby the classic car of the last century. The driver controls the vehicle and is not supported by technical assistants.

1. Level 1: The so-called "assisted driving" includes, for example, cruise control. In this case, the driver must constantly keep an eye on the road.
2. Level 2: In "partially automated driving," the system takes over steering on occasion, such as when keeping in lane or parking automatically.
3. Level 3: In "highly automated driving," the driving task may only remain temporarily unattended. If the driver is warned, he must intervene.
4. Level 4: The "fully automated driving" ensures that the car drives independently on certain routes.
5. Level 5: From here, the "autonomous driving" starts. There are only passengers without driving task. Driving without occupants is also possible.

This technology is behind

• Rotating lasers on the car roof detect obstacles within a hundred meters.
• Rear, front and side-facing video cameras detect traffic lights, road signs and the distance of pedestrians.
• With the help of radar sensors, the distance to other vehicles is monitored.
• GPS sensors determine the exact position and speed of the car.
• An on-board computer evaluates all incoming data and reacts accordingly by braking or turning in the steering wheel.